Class 8 The Freedom Struggle of 1857 exercise question answers
Maharashtra state board class 8 history solution – vHistory and civic digest of 8th std Maharashtra board – The Freedom Struggle of 1857 exercise question answers class 8 question answer
Q.1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the
appropriate options. (Umaji Naik, War of Independence, Lord Dalhousie,
Secretary of State, Tatya Tope)
(1) V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of 1857 as ………..
Ans: V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of 1857 as War of Independence
(2) …………….. united the Ramoshis to rebel against the British.
Ans: Umaji Naik united the Ramoshis to rebel against the British.
(3) After the struggle of 1857 the post of ……………….. was created in the British Government to look after the affairs of India.
Ans: After the struggle of 1857 the post of Secretary of State was created in the British Government to look after the affairs of India.
(4) ………………….. was the Governor General who annexed the princely states.
Ans: Lord Dalhousie was the Governor General who annexed the princely states.
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2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) The Paikas made armed rebellion against the British.
Ans:
From mediaeval times, there was a system of Paikas existing in Odisha. The standing army of various independent kings were known as ‘Paika’. Rent free lands were granted to them for cultivation by the king. The Paikas earned their livelihood through it. In returen, they were supposed to stand by the king’s side in case of eruption of war.
In 1803, the English conqured Odisha. They
took over the hereditary rent free lands granted to the Paikas. This made the
Paikas angry.
(2) There was discontent among the Hindu and Muslim sepoys.
Ans:
In 1856, the British provided long range
enfield rifles to the Indian sepoys. The sepoys were required to bite the end
of the cartridges. The news spread out that these cartridges were smeared in the
fats of cow and pig. Due to this the religious sentiments of Hindu and Muslim
sepoys were hurt and made them unhappy.
(3) The Indian sepoys could not keep stand in front of the British army.
Ans:
The Indians whole heartedly fought
against the British, including and common people. The Indians sepoys started
the freedom struggle before the fixed time. Initially they succeeded but
military strength and administration of British rule was vast. The British
crushed down the struggle by all means.
(4) After the struggle, Indian army was divided on the basis of caste.
Ans:
The proportion of British soldiers was
increased in the army. English officers were placed at strategic locations.
Artillery was kept exclusively in the hands of the British. There was division
of military on basis of caste. Proper care was taken to avoid Indians to unite
and rebel again against the British.
(5) The British imposed heavy taxes on Indian industries.
Ans:
The British introduced new revenue system to increase their income. To sell the British goods in India enjoy profit was the policy of the British. They imposed heavy taxes on the local industries. The handicraft and textile industry of India were ruined. Many Indians artisans became unemployed.
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3. Answer the following question in brief.
(1) What were the social causes behind the struggle of 1857?
Ans:
The Indians felt that the Britishers were
interfering in the culture, tradition and customs of India. Sati prohibition,
widow remarriage act were correct from social point of view, but the Indians
thought that it is an interference in their lifestyle and hence they were
dissatisfied.
(2) Why did the Indians fail in the struggle of 1857?
Ans:
The Indians fail in the struggle of 1857due to the following reasons:
- The struggle did not take place simultaneously all over India.
- There was no commonly accepted leader to fight against the British. Due to this there was no uniformity in the struggle against British.
- The princes also were suffering. But except a few others remained faithful to the British.
- Indian soldiers were brave but did not use tactics. The Indian rebels had limited armed supply. Due to this the Indian sepoys could not succed.
(3) Write down the consequences struggle of 1857. Of struggle of 1857.
Ans:
The British rule had to face the struggle of 1857. It forced the British Parliament to end the rule of the Company and instead take over the responsibility of ruling over the people of India through the Government of India Act 1858.
Queen’s Proclamation: Queen Victoria of England issued a Declaration addressing the people of India. All Indians are our progeny. Henceforth they will not be discriminated on basis of race, religion, caste or birth place. Government services will be given on merit. There will be no interference in religious affairs.
Change in composition of army: The proportion of British soldiers was increased in the army. English officers were placed at strategic locations. Artillery was kept exclusively in the hands of the British. There was division of military on basis of caste. Proper care was taken to avoid Indians to unite and rebel again against the British.
Change in Policy:The British accepted the
policy of non interference in social and religious aspect of Indians. They
adopted the policy of polluting minds of Indians by following the ‘Divide and
Rule policy’.
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(4) What were the changes in British policy after the struggle of 1857?
Ans:
The British accepted the policy of non
interference in social and religious aspect of Indians. They adopted the policy
of polluting minds of Indians by following the ‘Divide and Rule policy’.
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