6. Classification of plants class 9 question answer general science maharshtra board

Class 9 science and technology chapter 6 classicfication of plant question answer

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Q.1. Match the proper terms from columns A and C with the description in column B

‘A’	‘B’	‘C’
Thallophyta	Seeds are formed in fruits	Fern
Bryophyta	No natural covering on seeds	Cycas
Pteridophyta	These plants mainly grow in water.	Tamarind
Gymnosperms	These plants need water for reproduction.	Moss
Angiosperms	Tissues are present for conduction of water and food	Algae

       

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’	‘C’
Thallophyta	These plants mainly grow in water.	Algae
Bryophyta	These plants need water for reproduction	Moss
Pteridophyta	Tissues are present for conduction of water and food	Fern
Gymnosperms	No natural covering on seeds.	Cycas
Angiosperms	Seeds are formed in fruits	Tamarind

 

Q.2. Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks and explain those statements.

(angiosperms, gymnosperms, spore, bryophyta, thallophyta, zygote)

a. ……………….. plants have soft and fibre-like body.

Answer: Thallophyta plants have soft and fibre-like body.

Reason: Thallophyta includes algae which have s oft and fibre like body.

 

b. ……………….. is called the ‘amphibian’ of the plant kingdom.

Answer: Bryophyta is called the ‘amphibian’ of the plant kingdom.

Reason: Plants belonging to Bryophyta grow on moist soil, but need water for reproduction. Since they share two habitats, such as soil and water, they are called amphibians.

 

c. In pteridophytes, asexual reproduction occurs by ……………….. formation and sexual reproduction occurs by ………………..formation.

Answer: In pteridophytes, asexual reproduction occurs by Spores formation and sexual reproduction occurs by Gametes formation.

Reason: Pteridophytes reproduce by spores, which are formed along the posterior or back surface of the leaves. Sexual reproduction is always by formation of male and female gametes.

 

d. Male and female flowers of ………………..are borne on different sporophylls of the same plant.

Answer: Male and female flowers of Gymnosperms are borne on different sporophylls of the same plant.

Reason: Only in gymnosperms male and female flowers are borne on different sporophylls of the same plant

 

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Q.3. Answer the following questions in your own words.

a. Write the charateristics of subkingdom Phanerogams.

Answer:

1. Plants that bear seeds are called Phanerogams.
2. In these plants, seeds are formed after reproduction.
3. The seeds contain embryo and stored food.
4. The stored food is used during germination for the growth of the embryo.
5. Phanerogams are divided into two groups, viz gymnosperms and angiosperms depending upon whether the seeds are enclosed in a fruit or not.

b. Distinguish between monocots and dicots.

Answer:

Monocot	Dicot
1)Fibrous root.	1)Tap root
2)Stem unbranched.	2)Stem branched
3)Leaves show parallel venation.	3)Leaves show reticulate venation.
4)Flowers with 3 parts or in their multiples.	4)Flowers with 4 or 5 parts or in their multiples.
5)Ex. : Maize, Banana, Wheat, Jowar.	Ex: Sunflower, Mustard, Beans.

 

       

c. Write a paragraph in your own words about the ornamental plants called ferns.

Answer:

1)Ferns are ornamental plants seen in gardens.

2)They are called ornamentals as they beautify the place wherever they grow.

3)Since they an grown in gardens they do not bear flowers and fruits, but they bear different types of attractive leaves.

4)They reproduce by spores which develop on the lower side of their leaflets in the form of sori.

 

 

d. Sketch, label and describe the Spirogyra.

Answer:

 

e. Write the characteristics of the plants belonging to division Bryophyta.

Answer:

1)Plants belonging to the division Bryophyta are called amphibious plants as they grow in moist soil, but need water for reproduction. Thus sharing two habitats.

2)Plants are mostly thalloid, multicellular and autotrophic

3)The plant body of bryophytes is flat and ribbon like without true roots. Instead of roots they possess rhizoids.

4)They do not possess conducting tissues for the conduction of food and water.

5) Ex: Riccia, Marchantia, Anthoceros, Funaria etc.

 

Q.4. Sketch and label the figures of the following plants and explain them into brief. Marchantia, Funaria, Fern, Spirogyra.

Answer:

Marchantia:

1. Marchantia is a bryophyte.
2. Marchantia is called amphibious plant, as it shares two habitats, viz, soil for its growth and water for reproduction.
3. It is flat ribbon-like long and without true roots, stem and leaves.
4. Instead of roots, it bears rhizoids.
5. It lacks conduction tissues which conduct food and water.

Diagram:

 

Marchantia

Funaria:

1. Funaria is a bryophyte.
2. Funaria is an amphibious plant.
3. The plant body of funaria is differentiated into steam like parts, leaf-like parts and root-like rhizoids.
4. It develops a capsule on  a stalk during favourable conditions.
5. Spores are formed inside the capsule. The spores give rise to new plant.

Diagram:

 

Funaria

Fern:

1)Ferns are ornamental plants seen in gardens.

2)They are called ornamentals as they beautify the place wherever they grow.

3)Since they an grown in gardens they do not bear flowers and fruits, but they bear different types of attractive leaves.

4)They reproduce by spores which develop on the lower side of their leaflets in the form of sori.

Diagram:

 

 

Spirogyra:

1. Spirogyra is a green filamentous alga belonging to the division Thallophyta.
2. It grows in fresh water.
3. Owing to the presence of chlorophyll, it synthesises its food by the process of photosynthesis.
4. It contains spirally arranged thread like chloroplasts in its cells.
5. In each chloroplast, there are a number of rounded bodies surrounded by starch. These rounded bodies are called pyrenoids.

Diagram

 

Q.5. Collect a monocot and dicot plant available in your area. Observe the plants carefully and describe them in scientific language.

Answer:

(1) Hibiscus ( A dicot plant ) :

Root : Tap root

Stem : Erect and branched

Leaf : Simple , alternate , with reticulate , venation

Flower : Pedicillate , complete , bisexual

Calyx : Sepals – 5 , Gamosepalous

Corolla : Petals – 5 , Gamopetalous

Androecium : Stamen indefinite . Filaments are united to form a staminal tube . The staminal tube bears reniform ( kidney shaped ) anthers .

Gynoecium: Tricarpellary, syncarpous, ovary superior.

 

(2) Onion (Allium cepa) :

A small herb with tunicated bulb

Root : Fibrous Stem : Underground stem (bulb)

Leaves : Hollow and

Flower : Complete , bisexual

Perianth : Made up of 6 lobes , arranged in two whorls of 3 each

Androecium : Made up of 6 stamens , Epiphyllous

Gynoecium : Tricarpellary , syncarpous , ovary

 

Q.6. Which criteria are used for the classification of plants? Explain with reasons

Answer:

(1) There are two subkingdoms of flowering plants , viz . , gymnosperms and angiosperms . If plants do not bear flowers , fruits and seeds , they are non – seed – bearing plants . Contrary to this , if they bear flowers , fruits and seeds , they are seed – bearing plants .

(2) Plants that are not differentiated into organs like roots, stem , leaves are called Thallophyta .

(3) Another criterion for classification of plants is the presence or absence of conducting tissues . Plants such as pteridophytes , gymnosperms and angiosperms which possess conducting tissues are included under vascular plants , while bryophytes and thallophytes which do not possess vascular tissues are included under non – vascular plants .

(4) Plants are classified into two groups , viz , seed bearing and non – seed – bearing plants depending upon the presence or absence of seeds .

(5) Depending upon whether the seeds are enclosed in fruits or not , plants have been classified as gymnosperms and angiosperms .

(6) Depending upon the number of cotyledons in seeds , plants have been classified into dicotyledons and monocotyledons .

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