Class 9 science and technology chapter 10 Information Communication Technology : The new direction of progress question answer
Information Communication Technology : The new direction of progress class 9 exercise answers Maharashtra board | Information Communication Technology : The new direction of progress solution state board. | 9 class science and technology guide pdf Maharashtra board
1. Fill in the blanks to complete the statements. Justify the statements.
a. While working with a computer we can read
the information stored in its memory and perform other actions in …………… memory.
Answer: a While working with a computer we can read the binformation stored in its memory and perform other actions in Internal or primary memory.
Reason: For the central processing unit to
process the program instructions and data, these must be loaded into the
computer’s internal memory
b. While presenting pictures and videos about
the works of scientists, we can use …………..
Answer: While presenting pictures and videos about the works of scientists, we can use a presentation software/Microsoft Power powerpoint.
Reason: A presentation software (e.g., PowerPoint) allows images as well as videos to be placed on a sc.
c. To draw graphs based on the quantitative information obtained in an experiment, one uses …..
Answer: To draw graphs based on the quantitative information obtained in an experiment, one uses a spreadsheet program / Microsoft excel
Reason: a spreadsheet program (e.g. Excel)
has facilities for graphical representation of data as a graph or a chart.
Answer: The first generation computers used to shut down because of excessive heat.
Reason: First generation computers were built
using valves. Valves consumed lot of electricity and generated lot of heat. The
heat caused frequent burn-out of the valves which stopped the computers from
working.
e. A computer will not work unless ……………is
supplied to it.
Answer: A computer will not work unless Electric power is supplied to it.
Reason: A computer is an electronic device
that needs electrical power to work.
Q.2. Answer the following questions.
a. Explain the role and importance of information communication in science and technology.
Answer:
The use of ICT in science and technology may
be divided into the following broad areas, each of which covers a range of
hardware and software :
(1)Collection of scientific Data : ICT tools (e.g .. computer – controlled instruments , digital video recording , etc. ) can be used to record and store measurements electronically which is quicker and more accurate.
(2) Analysis of scientific Data: Using spread
sheets and graphing tools for data analysis and graphical presentation of the
results.
(3) Demonstration: Demonstration of
experiments and scientific concepts improve scientific understanding and
develop higher – order thinking skills. It is also possible to demonstrate
experiments and environments that would not be otherwise possible, e.g. the model of an atom , or the functioning of
a nervous system .
(4) Prediction: Compiled and processed data
can be used to predict possible outcomes, such as weather forecasting in
meterology.
(5) Collecting scientific information :
Scientific information from peers and experts can be collected using the
Internet , emails , newsgroups , blogs , forums and chat rooms , Wikipedia ,
video conferencing , etc.
(6) Interactive education: Interactive simulations reinforce learning by
allowing the students to explore a wide variety of physical phenomena and see
the effect of changing a value. Many simulations and animations can be found on
the Internet to illustrate key principles and facilitate interactive learning.
(7) Modelling and simulation to improve performance of cars, aircraft , architectural structures, etc. , trigger technological improvements in these industries.
Class 9 science and technology chapter 10 question answer pdf | Class 9 science and technology chapter 10 question answer Information Communication Technology : The new direction of progress.
b. Which application software in the computer system did you find useful while studying science, and how?
Answer:
Useful application softwares for studying
science:
Word processor, for documenting project work.
2) spreadsheet for tabulation and analysing
experimental data
Presentation for crating attractive presentations.
Web browser for searching and accessing
websites on the internet for information, and for sending emails.
c. How does a computer work?
Answer:
A computer works in a IPO ( Input – Process
Output ) cycle to complete a task . Data and processing instructions are
entered through various Input devices . It is then processed in the CPU (
Central Processing Unit ) . The result or output is send to an Output device .
d. What precautions should be taken while using various types of software on the computer?
Answer:
Precaustions while using various types of
software on the computer:
·
Install and use
only legal /licensed softwares, except freewares which are unlicensed. Illegal
copying and distributing licensed softwares as well as using such pirated
sofwares are act of copyring infringement and punishable by law.
· Do not access
other people computer files without permission.
· Do not copy or
modify copyrighted work to create a new work.
· Use authentic
data and maintain honesty and impartiality in data analysis.
· Do not indulge
in cyber crimes like fraudulent e-transaction, hacking, infringement of
intellectual property, and publishing/transmitting obscene information
e. Which are the various devices used in information communication? How are they used in the context of science?
Answer:
The various devices used for communication of
information are computer and networking hardware , radio , television , telephone
( both fixed line and mobile phones ) , video display unit ( monitor ) ,
printer , plotter , modem , router , Internet and satellites .
The use of these communication devices in
science are as follows:
(1) Demonstration of common or hazardous
experiments .
(2) Prediction of weather , tides , etc. for
early warning .
(3) Collection of scientific information from
peers and experts all over the world .
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Q.3. Using a spreadsheet, draw graphs between distance and time, using the information about the movements of Amar, Akbar and Anthony given in the table on page 4, in the lesson on Laws of Motion. What precautions will you take while drawing the graph?
Answer:
[ Hint : Precautions for drawing the graphs :
(1) Data points (x,y) should correspond to ( time interval , distance ) .
Accordingly , time interval ( instead of time in the clock ) in hour should be
entered in a column as 0 , 0.5 , 1.0 , 1.5 , … etc. The corresponding distances
travelled by the persons should be entered in subsequent columns .
(2) Select the time column and click Home → Numbers toformat the time column as ‘ Numbers ‘ with
Number of decimal places = 1. (3) Use the cursor or the mouse to highlight only
the data cells you want to plot .
(4) Click Insert → Charts and select Line from the Change Chart
Type dialog box , and Line with Marks . ]
Q.4. Explain the differences between the different generations of computers. How did science contribute to these developments?
Answer:
Successive stages of evolution of digital
computers are called computer generations. Each by remarkable generation is
characterized improvements in technology, internal organizations and
programming languages over the previous generation.
(1) Technology changed from vacuum tubes
(first generation) to transistors ( second generation ) to ICS ( third
generation ) to microprocessors ( fourth generation onwards ) . Parallel
processing and networking characterize the present generation.
(2) Size and cost of the computers reduced
drastically from the huge hall – sized computers of the first generation to
mini – computers (third generation) to personal computers (fourth generation
onwards) . Reliability, energy efficiency and calculation speed greatly
improved with each generation .
(3) Memory devices evolved and improved in
size , capacity and speed , from magnetic drum memory (first generation)
magnetic core memory (second generation ) to semiconductor memories (third
generation onwards) .
(4) Programs for the first generation
computers were in machine language of 0’s and 1’s and assembly language later.
User – friendly high – level programming languages were introduced in the
second generation, and Operating system in the third generation.
(5) In the first two generations, input and
output were based on punched cards and tapes. Keyboard and monitor were
introduced in the third generation. Graphical user interfaces (GUI) and the
mouse were developed during the fourth generation.
(6) ARPANET (which grew into today’s
Internet) began at the end of the third generation. Local area networking (LAN)
technology was developed in the fourth generation.
(7) Contribution of science: Advances in
science and technology contributed to the technological developments of (i)
computer hardware such as valves , transistors , ICs , microprocessors and
memory devices ( ii ) networking technology and devices.
Q.5. What devices will you use to share with others the knowledge that you have?
Answer:------------------
6. Using information communication technology, prepare powerpoint presentations on at least three topics in your textbook. Make a flowchart of the steps you used while making these presentations.
Answer:
(1) Gather important points on a topic .
(2) Plan the coverage of the topic, i.e. ,
what to say , how much to say , and how to say it .
(3) Write down the content of each slide in
the correct sequence, for about 10 to 12 slides.
(4) Search for relevant diagrams / pictures
using a web browser, download and save them in an appropriate folder.
(5) Use Home → New Slide to insert slides with appropriate placeholders ( e.g. , text , table , picture , video , etc. )
(6) Use the Design tab to select the theme ,
colours and font for the slides.
(7) Use the Animations tab for slide
transitions and for animating slide objects .
Suggested topics :
(1) Scientists appearing in your textbook
(2) Classification of plants (Chapter 6)
(3) Bio – geochemical , Carbon , Oxygen and
Nitrogen . cycles (Chapter 7)
(4) Reflection of light (Chapter 11) .
Q.7. Which technical difficulties did you face while using the computer? What did you do to overcome them?
Answer:
Some of technical difficulties faced while
using a computer are as follows:
(1) Computer got switched off due to sudden
power outage/fluctuations and much of the current work of loas.
Remedy:
(1)Working files were saved frequently.
(2) The power supply to the computer was given through an UPS which allowed sufficient time to save the files in case of power outage.
(2) Difficulty in downloading pictures from the internet due to low connectivity.
Remedy:
Searched and downloaded pictures of lower
resolution and smaller file size.
